Anesthesia Technician Practice Exam

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Which of the following is an early sign of Malignant Hyperthermia?

Elevated blood pressure
Elevated end-tidal carbon dioxide
Severe muscle rigidity
Fever above 102°F

The correct answer is: Elevated end-tidal carbon dioxide

Elevated end-tidal carbon dioxide is indeed an early sign of Malignant Hyperthermia (MH). This condition is typically triggered by certain anesthetic agents, especially volatile anesthetics or succinylcholine, in genetically predisposed individuals. As the body goes into a hypermetabolic state due to MH, the muscles generate excessive heat and metabolic byproducts. This increases the production of carbon dioxide as a result of heightened muscle metabolism. Consequently, monitoring end-tidal carbon dioxide becomes crucial, as a significant rise in its levels can indicate that the body is not effectively eliminating carbon dioxide due to the rapid muscle metabolism and potential respiratory compromise occurring during the episode. Recognizing elevated end-tidal carbon dioxide early allows for prompt intervention, which is critical in managing Malignant Hyperthermia effectively. The other signs mentioned, such as severe muscle rigidity, elevated blood pressure, and fever, can occur later in the process and are not as immediate in demonstrating the onset of this dangerous condition.